Apparatus for cleaning gas.



H. A. BRASSERT.

APPARATUS FOR CLEANING GAS.

APPLIOATION FILED MAR.16,1911.

Patented July 8, 1913.

UNITED STAC ATENT OFFICE.

HERMANN A. BRASSERT, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

APPARATUS FOR CLEANING GAS.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERMANN A. BRAS SERT, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State ofIllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatusfor Cleaning Gas, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a method for cleaning gas and the apparatus usedin connection therewith, and is especially adapted for employment incleaning gas from blast furnaces for smelting iron.

In Patent 969,769, granted September 13, 1910, to Brassert & fitting, amethod and apparatus for carrying out the same were described andclaimed, of which the present invention constitutes an improvement.

In the apparatus described in the above mentioned patent the gas wasintroduced tangentially into an annular chamber and brought into contactwith ribs or battles located on the inner Wall 'of the periphery of thegas cleaner. After passing through the annular chamber formed betweenthe outer casing of the gas cleaner and an outlet pipe having a flaredend, to increase the velocity of the gas, the direction of flow of thelatter was reversed and its velocity suddenly decreased as it passedoutwardly through the outlet. pipe.

I have found that the centrifugal action on a current of gas laden withdust is the most powerful agent in making a separation between the dustand the gas. In order to increase this action I have, in the preferredform of this invention, eliminated the bafiles, or dust receptacles,from the periphery of the restricted area, and in this manner havereduced the friction in this part of the apparatus, thus allowing themaximum velocity to be obtained by the gas, and thereby securing themaximum centrifugal force onthe particles of dust. The battles, or dustreceptacles are preferably placed entirely below the annular chambersurrounding the outlet pipe.

The baffles are attached to the inner surface of the outer casing of thegas cleaner, in a manner similar to that described in the abovementioned patent to Brassert & Witting, but are located below the loweredge of the outlet pipe.

I have further established through ex- Speeification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 16, 1911.

Patented July 8, 1913.

Serial No. 614,927.

periments that there is an area of lower pressure or partial vacuum atthe bottom of the apparatus due to the reversal of motion of the gas.This partial vacuum tends to pull that portion of the dust which is notheld by the bafiles placed on the periphery upwardly and inwardly intothe current of the gas. In order to prevent this part of the dust frombeing carried along with the gas, I have in the present invention notonly provided battles or the like on the periphery of the main chamberof the dust cleaner, but also auxiliary ballle-s which are preferablymounted on a cone, the apex of which is substantially in a line with thecentral axis of the outlet pipe. In this way I not only remove dust fromthe gas by centrifugal force as the gas is swept around the periphery ofthe main chamber of the dust-catcher, but when the direction of flow isreversed and the gas moves radially toward the central axis of thedust-catcher I remove the dust which may not have been previouslyremoved by the peripheral baffles. It is particularly advantageous tohave the auxiliary baffles mountedv on a cone, as the gas in reversingits direction naturally moves in an upwardly tapering vortex and followsthe outline of a cone. In this way the gas from my dust-catcher iscleaned to an even greater extent than is the case in the apparatusdescribed in the Brassert & Witting patent above mentioned.

In a modified form of apparatus I form the peripheral bafiles bypunching and bending inwardly suitable portions of the main casing ofthe dust cleaner, thereby forming apertures in the same. An auxiliarycasing is provided outside of the portion of the main casing in whichthese batliesare thus formed, thereby providing an annular-chainherwhich receives the dust Rotary motion of the gas within this annularchamber is prevented by means of suitable partitions. I also find it ofadvantage in certain cases to provide a guiding spiral in the annularchamber formed between the outer casing of the dust cleaner and theouter surface of the outlet pipe, the function of this spiral being toprevent the gas from too rapidly assunr ing a vertical path.

These and other advantages of my invention will be more readilyunderstood by reference to the accompanying drawings,

which show preferred embodiments of the same, and in which Figure 1 is avertical section through my improved dust-catcher, the dust-catchingcone being shown in elevation; Fig. 2 is a vertical section through amodified form of dust-catcher; Fig.3 is a transverse section on the line33 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 is a transverse section on the line 4-4 of Fig.2; Fig. 5 is a transverse sectiog of the cone, taken on the line 5-5 ofFi 2.

The inlet pipe 10 leads rom the downcomer of a blast furnace, and istangentially connected, with the main casing or conduit 11 of thedust-catcher. Projecting downwardly within the casing 11 is the outletpipe 12, preferably having the flared end 13, thus forming an annularchamber 14c between the inside of casing 11 and the outside of theoutlet pipe 12 and its flared end 13. The lower portion 15 of the casing11 is preferably somewhat larger in diameter than the upper portionthereof, and is provided with a series of inwardly projecting batIieplates 16, which are preferably disposed at an angle to thecorresponding radii extending to the center of the cylindricaldust-catcher, as shown in Fig. 3. Connected with the lower portion 15 ofthe casin 11 is the cone-shaped casing 17, within wiich is formed thedust-receiving chamber 18.

In the bottom of this chamber is the cone 19, which serves to direct thedust toward the periphery of the dust outlet pipe 20, which is suitablyclosed by the gate 21.

Within the chamber 22, contained within the lower portion 15 of thecasing 11, is placed the cone 23, which may be suitably supported by thegrid 24. This cone is provided with a series of battles 25, which aredisposed as indicated in Fig. 3. These bafiies 25 may be mounted on theouter wall of the cone 23, or may be bent outwardly from openings whichare punched in the surface of the cone. If the latter, which is thepreferred construction, is used, I employ partitions 26 within the conefor the purpose of preventing whirling of the gas therein.

The construction which I have shown in Figs. 2 and 4 is much similar tothat shown in Figs. 1 and 3. On the inner wall of the casing 11 Iprovide a spiral 27 for the purpose of directing the path of flow of thegas, as will be described hereafter. The lower end of the outlet pipe 12is provided with the barrel-shaped portion 28. The outer cas ing 11 inits lower portion 29 is supplied with the battles 16, which instead ofbeing mounted on the casing are bent inwardly therefrom, thus formingthe apertures 30. The portion 29 of the casing is inclosed by the outercasing 31, thus forming an annular chamber 32, in which are placed thepartitions 33 to prevent the whirling of gas in this annular chamber.

Having thus described the construction of the apparatus, my method ofoperation may now be readily understood. The gas enters the dust-catchertangentially through the inlet pipe 10, and is given a whirling motionin a downward direction through the annular chamber 14. I prefer togradually increase the velocity of the gas by means ofeither the flaredend 13 of the outlet pipe 12 or the barrel-shaped end 28. The gas mayeither pass freely through the annular chamber 14, as shown in Fig. 1,or may be guided by means of the spiral 27. When the form of apparatusshown in'Fig. 1 is used, the rapidly revolving gas is carried bycentrifugal force against the baflies 16, the gas moving in thedirection indicated by the arrow in Fig. 3. 'The centrifugal forceexerted by the gas whirling at a high velocity serves to throw the dusttherein to the periphery of the apparatus, and this dust is, as it were,shaved off from the whirling body of gas b means of the baffles 16. Thisdust then falis by gravity into the'dust-receiving chamber 18, fromwhich it may be removed from time to time through the gate 21. When thegas reaches the chamber 22 its direction of flow is changed from beingperipheral to radial so that it may escape through the outlet pipe 12.During this change of direction the gas is brought into contact with thebaffles 25 of the cone 23, and

in this way further dust is removed from the gas. The gas finally passesoutwardly through pipe 12 at a much decreased ve locity on account ofthe comparatively large cross-sectional area of said pipe. When thebarrel-shaped end 28 of the pipe 12 is employed, as shown in Fig. 2, onaccount of the inwardly curved lower end of said portion 28 the gas isgiven a tendency to move in a radial direction against the cone 23 evenbefore the gas reaches the lower edge of the outlet pipe. In this waythe baffles 25 of the cone 23 do a larger proportion of the Work ofremoving the dust than is the case in the form of apparatus shown inFig. 1. When the annular chamber 32 and the openings 30 are used, itwill be apparent that the dust will be thrown by centrifugal force intosaid chamber, while the gas, on account of the fact that its whirlingmotion is stopped by the partitions 33, is prevented from movementwithin said annular chamber and the dust-receiving chamber 18, and thedirection of flow of the main body of gas is gradually changed to a:radial one, and it escapes through the outlet pipe 12.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many changes couldbe made in the method of operation and the apparatus which I havedescribed without departing from the spirit or scope of my invention.

What I claim is:

1. In an apparatus for cleaning gas, the

combination of a conduit, means for introducing gas tangentially intosaid conduit, an outlet pipe projecting into said conduit and a conehaving its sides converging upwardly and provided with dust catchingmeans thereon, the axis of said cone being in line with the axis of saidoutlet pipe.

2. An apparatus for cleaning gas, comprising an upright conduit having atangential inlet in the upper portion thereof, a dust collecting chamberbelow the inlet, an outlet pipe extending downwardly through the top ofthe conduit and terminating short of the dust collecting chamber, anexpansion chamber between the bottom of the outlet pipe and the dustcollecting chamber, a grid below the outlet pipe, and a cone supportedupon the grid with its axis in line with the axis of the outlet pipe,said cone having its walls converging upwardly and provided with dustcatching means thereon. sub tantially as described,

3. In an apparatus for cleaning gas, the combination of a conduit, meansfor introducing gas tangentially into said conduit, an outlet pipeprojecting into said conduit, a cone located below said outlet pipe withits axis in line with the axis of the outlet pipe, said cone having aseries of baffles extending outwardly from its surface and a series ofapertures communicating with its interior, and means within said conefor preventing whirling of the gas, substantially as described.

HERMANN A. BRASSERT.

Witnesses:

WM. S. BOWEN, A. H. YOUNG.

